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Permitted share of foreign workers for 2026

The full table by activity with codes, the lists of regional exceptions, and a calculator that works out the maximum number of foreign nationals for your headcount. Based on Government Decree No. 1995 of 5 December 2025.

50%construction, was 80%
40%forestry and wood
0%alcohol, tobacco, medicines
1m ₽upper fine

The headline

What changed for 2026

Government Decree No. 1995 of 5 December 2025 cut the permitted share for almost every activity. Companies had to bring headcount into line by 1 January 2026.

50%construction — was 80%
40%wood and vegetables — was 50%
0%alcohol, tobacco, medicines
up to 1m ₽fine under Art. 18.17

The most common error on the market right now is quoting construction at the old 80%. That figure applied until 2026 and still circulates in articles and proposals. The current share is 50%, and a 30-percentage-point difference on a headcount of 200 means 60 people who may not be on your payroll.

The table

Permitted share of foreign workers for 2026

ActivityActivity codeShare for 2026Change
Constructionsection F50%was 80
Growing vegetables01.13.140%was 50
Forestry and logging0240%was 50
Wood processing1640%was 50
Wholesale of timber46.73.140%was 50
Wholesale of sawn wood46.73.240%was 50
Retail sale of alcohol47.25.10%prohibited
Retail sale of tobacco47.260%prohibited
Retail sale of medicines47.730%prohibited
Retail trade in non-stationary outlets and markets47.80%prohibited
Other retail trade outside shops47.990%prohibited
Land passenger transport49.324%unchanged
Road freight transport49.4124%unchanged
Food and beverage service5650%new
Real estate management68.3270%unchanged
Buildings and grounds services8170%unchanged
Other sports activities93.1925%unchanged

Source: Government Decree No. 1995 of 5 December 2025. The "Change" column compares with the shares in force during 2025.

Calculate

Work out your own limit

The share is calculated from average headcount, not from the number of people on site on a given day.

Limit calculator

Exceptions

Regions where the general share does not apply

The decree lists, in separate clauses, territories where the share for a given activity does not apply. The lists differ by industry.

ActivityTerritories on the exception list
ConstructionBuryatia, Dagestan, DPR, LPR, Kamchatka Krai, Amur, Astrakhan, Belgorod, Bryansk, Zaporizhzhia, Kursk, Leningrad, Lipetsk, Magadan, Moscow, Omsk and Kherson Oblasts, Moscow, St Petersburg, Khanty-Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrugs
Growing vegetablesUdmurtia, Krasnodar and Krasnoyarsk Krais, Amur, Astrakhan, Volgograd, Novosibirsk, Omsk and Tula Oblasts, Moscow
Forestry and loggingKrasnodar Krai, Novosibirsk Oblast, Moscow
Wood processingKrasnodar Krai, Novosibirsk and Ryazan Oblasts, Moscow
Wholesale of timber and sawn woodKrasnodar Krai, Novosibirsk and Tver Oblasts, Moscow
Retail sale of alcohol and tobaccoMoscow

The lists are tied to specific sub-clauses, and for a number of territories the decree sets its own share in separate clauses. A calculation is therefore only valid for a specific pair of activity code and region. We do it free of charge and send it with a reference to the clause, so you can verify it yourself or show it to your lawyer.

What to do

If the limit is already used up

Outstaffing

Workers are employed by an accredited agency and do not enter your average headcount, while working on your site. How it works

Outsourcing a scope

The function moves to a contractor entirely, paid by volume. The contractor’s people are not counted in your headcount. Read more

Recalculating headcount

Sometimes the limit is not used up but looks like it: subcontracted crews and civil-law contractors get wrongly included. We recalculate and show the real figure.

FAQ

What employers ask most

What is the permitted share of foreign workers in construction for 2026?

50%. It was cut from the previous 80% by Government Decree No. 1995 of 5 December 2025. The decree also lists territories where this share does not apply — among them Moscow, St Petersburg, Moscow Oblast and Leningrad Oblast.

What headcount is the share calculated from?

From your company’s average headcount. Subcontracted crews and workers employed by an agency under a provision-of-workers contract do not enter your average headcount.

What is the penalty for exceeding the permitted share?

Part 1 of Article 18.17 of the Code of Administrative Offences: a fine on the company of 800,000 to 1,000,000 roubles, or suspension of operations for 14 to 90 days.

Can we operate lawfully if the share is used up?

Yes. Engage people through outstaffing: they are employed by an accredited private employment agency and stay out of your headcount. Or hand a scope of work to outsourcing. Both are lawful and expressly provided for by the Labour Code and established practice.

By when did headcount have to be brought into line?

Decree No. 1995 required businesses to bring their number of foreign workers into line with the new shares by 1 January 2026. If that was not done, the inspection risk persists throughout the year.

Permitted share of foreign workers: how to calculate it properly

The permitted share is the maximum percentage of foreign workers in the average headcount of a business entity, set by the Government each calendar year for selected economic activities. The legal basis is Article 18.1 of Federal Law No. 115-FZ on the legal status of foreign nationals; the figures for 2026 are set by Decree No. 1995 of 5 December 2025.

What the percentage is taken from

From the average headcount of employees, not from the number of people on site. This matters: a company with 200 employees on payroll and 50 subcontracted workers calculates the share from 200. Getting the base wrong is the single most common reason companies either under-hire or unexpectedly find themselves over the limit.

What counts as a violation

Exceeding the share falls under Part 1 of Article 18.17 of the Code of Administrative Offences: a fine on the company of 800,000 to 1,000,000 roubles, or suspension of operations for 14 to 90 days. For an active construction site or plant the suspension is usually more expensive than the fine — idle equipment, missed contractual deadlines, penalties to the client.

How to work above the share lawfully

There is exactly one way, and it is not a workaround: move part of the people out of your headcount. A worker engaged under a provision-of-workers contract (Chapter 53.1 of the Labour Code) with an accredited private employment agency is in an employment relationship with that agency and does not enter your average headcount, while still working on your site and on your tasks. The second option is to outsource a scope of work, in which case the contractor’s people likewise stay out of your headcount.

A 0% share: what retail can do

For retail sale of alcohol, tobacco products and medicines, and for trade in non-stationary outlets and markets, the share is 0% — foreign workers may not be engaged at all, under either employment or civil-law contracts. The only lawful use of foreign staff in such companies is in support functions that do not fall under the restricted activity, and only if correctly documented. We look at these cases individually, and if the arrangement does not hold together, we say so directly.

See also

We will calculate your share and tell you what to do next

Send your activity code, region and headcount — we will come back with the limit, a reference to the clause of the decree, and an arrangement if the limit is already used up. Free, within one business day.